CULLEN/FROST REPORTS SECOND QUARTER RESULTS

Board declares third quarter dividend on common and preferred stock

Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc. (NYSE:CFR) today reported second quarter 2025 results.Net income available to common shareholders for the second quarter of 2025 was $155.3 million compared to $143.8 million for the second quarter of 2024. On a per-share basis, net income available to common shareholders for the second quarter of 2025 was $2.39 per diluted common share, compared to $2.21 per diluted common share reported a year earlier. Returns on average assets and average common equity were 1.22 percent and 15.64 percent, respectively, for the second quarter of 2025 compared to 1.18 percent and 17.08 percent, respectively, for the same period a year earlier.

For the second quarter of 2025, net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis was $450.6 million, up 7.9 percent compared to the same quarter in 2024. Average loans for the second quarter of 2025 increased $1.4 billion, or 7.2 percent, to $21.1 billion, from the $19.7 billion reported for the second quarter a year earlier, and increased$274.1 million, or 1.3 percent, compared to the firstquarter of 2025. Average deposits for the second quarter increased $1.3 billion, or 3.1 percent, to $41.8 billion, compared to the $40.5 billion reported for last year's second quarter, and increased $102.4 million, or 0.2 percent, compared to the first quarter of 2025.

“Our strong performance in the second quarter demonstrates the durability of our organic growth model and is a testament to the consistent focus and execution of Frost bankers throughout the state and in every area of the company. We again posted solid loan growth, and despite the second quarter typically being a seasonally weak period for deposits, we saw a slight increase in average total deposits compared to the first quarter,” said Cullen/Frost Chairman and CEO Phil Green.

For the first six months of 2025, net income available to common shareholders was $304.6 million, up 9.6 percent compared to $277.9 million for the first six months of 2024. Diluted EPS available to common shareholders for the first six months of 2025 was $4.69 compared to $4.27 in the year-earlier period. Returns on average assets and average common equity for the first six months of 2025 were 1.20 percent and 15.59 percent, respectively, compared to 1.14 percent and 16.13 percent, respectively, for the same period in 2024.

Noted financial data for the second quarter of 2025 follows:

— The Common Equity Tier 1, Tier 1 and Total Risk-Based Capital Ratios at the end of the second quarter of 2025 were 13.98 percent, 14.43 percent and 15.88 percent, respectively, and continue to be in excess of well-capitalized levels and exceedBasel III minimum requirements.

— Net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis was $450.6 million for the second quarter of 2025, an increase of 7.9 percent, compared to $417.6 million for the second quarter of 2024. Net interest margin was 3.67 percent for the second quarter of 2025 compared to 3.54 percent for the second quarter of 2024 and 3.60 percent for the first quarter of 2025.

— Non-interest income for the second quarter of 2025 totaled $117.3 million, an increase of $6.1 million, or 5.5 percent, from the $111.2 million reported for the second quarter of 2024. Trust and investment management fees increased $2.3 million, or 5.5 percent, compared to the second quarter of 2024. The increase in trust and investment management fees during the second quarter was primarily related to an increase in investment management fees (up $2.2 million). Investment management fees are generally based on the market value of assets within customer accounts and are thus impacted by price movements in the equity and bond markets. Service charges on deposit accounts increased $3.0 million, or 11.6 percent, compared to the second quarter of 2024. The increase in the second quarter was primarily related to increases in consumer and commercial overdraft charges (up $2.5 million), driven by continued increases in the number of active customer accounts, and commercial service charges (up $859,000), partly offset by a decrease in consumer service charges (down $370,000). Other charges, commissions, and fees increased $947,000, or 7.3 percent, compared to the second quarter of 2024. The increase was primarily related to increases in income from the placement of annuities (up $555,000) and commitment fees on unused lines of credit (up $380,000).

— Non-interest expense was $347.1 million for the second quarter of 2025, up $30.2 million, or 9.5 percent, compared to the $317.0 million reported for the second quarter a year earlier. Salaries and wages expense increased $10.9 million, or 7.2 percent, compared to the second quarter of 2024. The increase in salaries and wages was primarily related to increases in salaries due to annual merit and market increases and to an increase in the number of employees. The increase in the number of employees was partly related to our investment in organic expansion in various markets. Employee benefits expense increased by $4.0 million, or 14.0 percent, compared to the second quarter of 2024. The increase in employee benefits expense was primarily related to increases in 401(k) plan expense (up $1.6 million), medical/dental benefits expense (up $1.4 million), and payroll taxes (up $635,000). Other non-interest expense increased $10.1 million, or 16.8 percent, compared to the second quarter of 2024. The increase included increases in advertising/promotions expense (up $4.2 million); sundry and other miscellaneous expense (up $2.1 million), and fraud losses (up $1.1 million), among other things. Technology, furniture, and equipment expense increased $4.6 million, or 12.9 percent, compared to the second quarter of 2024. The increase was primarily related to increased cloud services expense (up $2.6million), software maintenance (up $1.3 million), and depreciation on furniture and equipment (up $732,000), among other things.

— For the second quarter of 2025, the company reported a credit loss expense of $13.1 million, and reported net loan charge-offs of $11.2 million. This compares to a credit loss expense of $13.1 million and net charge-offs of $9.7 million for the first quarter of 2025 and a credit loss expense of $15.8 million and net charge-offs of $9.7 million for the second quarter of 2024. The allowance for credit losses on loans as a percentage of total loans was 1.31 percent at June 30, 2025, compared to 1.32 percent at March 31, 2025 and 1.28 percent at June 30, 2024. Non-accrual loans were $62.4 million at the end of the second quarter of 2025, compared to $83.5 million at the end of the first quarter of 2025 and $75.0 million at the end of the second quarter of 2024.

The Cullen/Frost board declared a third-quarter cash dividend of $1.00 per common share. The dividend on common stock is payable September 15, 2025 to shareholders of record on August 29of this year. The board of directors also declared a cash dividend of $11.125 per share of Series B Preferred Stock (or $0.278125 per depositary share). The depositary shares representing the Series B Preferred Stock are traded on the NYSE under the symbol “CFR PrB.” The Series B Preferred Stock dividend is payable September 15, 2025 to shareholders of record on August 29 of this year.

Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc. will host a conference call on Thursday, July31, 2025, at 1 p.m. Central Time (CT) to discuss the results for the quarter. The media and other interested parties are invited to access the call in a “listen only” mode at 1-877-709-8150 or via webcast on our investor relations website linked below. Playback of the conference call will be available after 5 p.m. CT on the day of the call until midnight Sunday, August 3, 2025 at 1-877-660-6853 with Conference ID # of 13754258. A replay of the call will also be available by webcast at the URL listed below after 5 p.m. CT on the day of the call.

Cullen/Frost investor relations website: https://investor.frostbank.com/

Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc. (NYSE: CFR) is a financial holding company, headquartered in San Antonio, with $51.4 billion in assets at June30, 2025. One of the 50 largest U.S. banks, Frost provides a wide range of banking, investments and insurance services to businesses and individuals across Texas in the Austin, Dallas, Fort Worth, Gulf Coast, Houston, Permian Basin, and San Antonio regions. Founded in 1868, Frost has helped clients with their financial needs during three centuries. Additional information is available at www.frostbank.com.

Forward-Looking Statements and Factors that Could Affect Future Results

Certain statements contained in this Earnings Release are not statements of historical fact constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”), notwithstanding that such statements are not specifically identified as such. In addition, certain statements may be contained in our future filings with the SEC, in press releases, and in oral and written statements made by us or with our approval that are not statements of historical fact and constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Act. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (i)projections of revenues, expenses, income or loss, earnings or loss per share, the payment or nonpayment of dividends, capital structure and other financial items; (ii)statements of plans, objectives and expectations of Cullen/Frost or its management or Board of Directors, including those relating to products, services or operations; (iii)statements of future economic performance; and (iv)statements of assumptions underlying such statements. Words such as “believes,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “targeted,” “continue,” “remain,” “will,” “should,” “may,” and other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements.

Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in such statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

— The effects of and changes in trade and monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including the interest rate policies of the Federal Reserve Board and the implementation of tariffs and other protectionist trade policies.

— Inflation, interest rate, securities market, and monetary fluctuations.

— Local, regional, national, and international economic conditions and the impact they may have on us and our customers and our assessment of that impact.

— Changes in the financial performance and/or condition of our borrowers.

— Changes in the mix of loan geographies, sectors and types or the level of non-performing assets and charge-offs.

— Changes in estimates of future credit loss reserve requirements based upon the periodic review thereof under relevant regulatory and accounting requirements.

— Changes in our liquidity position.

— Impairment of our goodwill or other intangible assets.

— The timely development and acceptance of new products and services and perceived overall value of these products and services by users.

— Changes in consumer spending, borrowing, and saving habits.

— Greater than expected costs or difficulties related to the integration of new products and lines of business.

— Technological changes.

— The cost and effects of cyber incidents or other failures, interruptions, or security breaches of our systems or those of our customers or third-party providers.

— Acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses.

— Changes in the reliability of our vendors, internal control systems or information systems.

— Our ability to increase market share and control expenses.

— Our ability to attract and retain qualified employees.

— Changes in our organization, compensation, and benefit plans.

— The soundness of other financial institutions.

— Volatility and disruption in national and international financial and commodity markets.

— Changes in the competitive environment in our markets and among banking organizations and other financial service providers.

— Government intervention in the U.S. financial system.

— Political or economic instability.

— Acts of God or of war or terrorism.

— The potential impact of climate change.

— The impact of pandemics, epidemics, or any other health-related crisis.

— The costs and effects of legal and regulatory developments, the resolution of legal proceedings or regulatory or other governmental inquiries, the results of regulatory examinations or reviews and the ability to obtain required regulatory approvals.

— The effect of changes in laws and regulations (including laws and regulations concerning taxes, banking, securities, and insurance) and their application with which we and our subsidiaries must comply.

— The effect of changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the regulatory agencies, as well as the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Financial Accounting Standards Board and other accounting standard setters.

— Our success at managing the risks involved in the foregoing items.

In addition, financial markets, international relations, and global supply chains have been significantly impacted by recent U.S. trade policies and practices. Due to the rapidly evolving and changing state of U.S. trade policies, the amount and duration of any tariffs and their ultimate impact on us, our customers, financial markets, and the overall U.S. and global economies is currently uncertain. Nonetheless, prolonged uncertainty, elevated tariff levels or their wide-spread use in U.S. trade policy could weaken economic conditions and adversely impact the ability of borrowers to repay outstanding loans or the value of collateral securing these loans or adversely affect financial markets. To the extent that these risks may have a negative impact on the financial condition of borrowers or financial markets, it could also have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which such statements are made. We do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statement is made, or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL SUMMARY (UNAUDITED)(In thousands, except per share amounts) 2025 2024 2nd Qtr 1st Qtr 4th Qtr 3rd Qtr 2nd QtrCONDENSED INCOME STATEMENTSNet interest income $ 429,604 $ 416,220 $ 413,518 $ 404,331 $ 396,712Net interest income (1) 450,558 436,404 433,726 425,160 417,621Credit loss expense 13,129 13,070 16,162 19,386 15,787Non-interest income:Trust and investment management fees 43,669 42,931 43,765 41,016 41,404Service charges on deposit accounts 29,151 28,621 27,909 27,412 26,114Insurance commissions and fees 13,879 21,019 14,215 14,839 13,919Interchange and card transaction fees 5,619 5,402 5,764 5,428 5,351Other charges, commissions, and fees 13,967 13,586 15,208 13,060 13,020Net gain (loss) on securities transactions – (14) (112) 16 -Other 10,988 12,466 16,075 11,936 11,382Total non-interest income 117,273 124,011 122,824 113,707 111,190Non-interest expense:Salaries and wages 162,149 160,857 165,520 156,637 151,237Employee benefits 32,826 42,157 28,614 29,060 28,802Net occupancy 34,640 33,277 32,102 32,497 32,374Technology, furniture, and equipment 40,572 40,118 39,775 37,766 35,951Deposit insurance 6,590 7,184 6,924 7,238 8,383Other 70,351 64,473 63,232 60,212 60,217Total non-interest expense 347,128 348,066 336,167 323,410 316,964Income before income taxes 186,620 179,095 184,013 175,242 175,151Income taxes 29,617 28,173 29,161 28,741 29,652Net income 157,003 150,922 154,852 146,501 145,499Preferred stock dividends 1,669 1,669 1,669 1,668 1,669Net income available to common shareholders $ 155,334 $ 149,253 $ 153,183 $ 144,833 $ 143,830PER COMMON SHARE DATAEarnings per common share – basic $ 2.39 $ 2.30 $ 2.37 $ 2.24 $ 2.21Earnings per common share – diluted 2.39 2.30 2.36 2.24 2.21Cash dividends per common share 1.00 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.92Book value per common share at end of quarter 63.04 61.74 58.46 62.41 55.02OUTSTANDING COMMON SHARESPeriod-end common shares 64,319 64,283 64,197 63,931 63,989Weighted-average common shares – basic 64,300 64,255 64,116 63,958 64,193Dilutive effect of stock compensation 52 74 121 127 140Weighted-average common shares – diluted 64,352 64,329 64,237 64,085 64,333SELECTED ANNUALIZED RATIOSReturn on average assets 1.22% 1.19% 1.19% 1.16% 1.18%Return on average common equity 15.64 15.54 15.58 15.48 17.08Net interest income to average earning assets 3.67 3.60 3.53 3.56 3.54(1) Taxable-equivalent basis assuming a 21% tax rate.Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL SUMMARY (UNAUDITED) 2025 2024 2nd Qtr 1st Qtr 4th Qtr 3rd Qtr 2nd QtrBALANCE SHEET SUMMARY($ in millions)Average Balance:Loans $ 21,063 $ 20,788 $ 20,346 $ 20,084 $ 19,652Earning assets 47,664 47,424 47,577 46,100 45,527Total assets 51,191 50,925 51,008 49,467 48,960Non-interest-bearing demand deposits 13,788 13,798 14,051 13,659 13,679Interest-bearing deposits 27,972 27,860 27,834 27,074 26,831Total deposits 41,760 41,658 41,885 40,733 40,510Shareholders' equity 4,129 4,041 4,057 3,868 3,533Period-End Balance:Loans $ 21,254 $ 20,904 $ 20,755 $ 20,055 $ 19,996Earning assets 47,756 48,409 48,878 47,424 45,344Total assets 51,409 52,005 52,520 51,008 48,843Total deposits 41,684 42,391 42,723 41,721 40,318Shareholders' equity 4,200 4,114 3,899 4,135 3,666Adjusted shareholders' equity (1) 5,341 5,243 5,151 5,051 4,975ASSET QUALITY($ in thousands)Allowance for credit losses on loans: $ 277,803 $ 275,488 $ 270,151 $ 263,129 $ 256,307As a percentage of period-end loans 1.31% 1.32% 1.30% 1.31% 1.28%Net charge-offs: $ 11,151 $ 9,691 $ 13,962 $ 9,640 $ 9,726Annualized as a percentage of average loans 0.21% 0.19% 0.27% 0.19% 0.20%Non-accrual loans: $ 62,393 $ 83,534 $ 78,866 $ 104,877 $ 74,987As a percentage of total loans 0.29% 0.40% 0.38% 0.52% 0.38%As a percentage of total assets 0.12 0.16 0.15 0.21 0.15CONSOLIDATED CAPITAL RATIOSCommon Equity Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio 13.98% 13.84% 13.62% 13.55% 13.35%Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio 14.43 14.30 14.07 14.02 13.82Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio 15.88 15.76 15.53 15.50 15.27Leverage Ratio 8.98 8.84 8.63 8.80 8.62Equity to Assets Ratio (period-end) 8.17 7.91 7.42 8.11 7.51Equity to Assets Ratio (average) 8.07 7.94 7.95 7.82 7.22(1) Shareholders' equity excluding accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL SUMMARY (UNAUDITED)(In thousands, except per share amounts) Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024CONDENSED INCOME STATEMENTSNet interest income $ 845,824 $ 786,763Net interest income (1) 886,963 828,988Credit loss expense 26,199 29,437Non-interest income:Trust and investment management fees 86,600 80,489Service charges on deposit accounts 57,772 50,909Insurance commissions and fees 34,898 32,215Interchange and card transaction fees 11,021 9,825Other charges, commissions and fees 27,553 25,080Net gain (loss) on securities transactions (14) -Other 23,454 24,049Total non-interest income 241,284 222,567Non-interest expense:Salaries and wages 323,006 299,237Employee benefits 74,983 64,772Net occupancy 67,917 64,152Technology, furniture and equipment 80,690 70,946Deposit insurance 13,774 23,107Other 134,824 120,967Total non-interest expense 695,194 643,181Income before income taxes 365,715 336,712Income taxes 57,790 55,523Net income 307,925 281,189Preferred stock dividends 3,338 3,338Net income available to common shareholders $ 304,587 $ 277,851PER COMMON SHARE DATAEarnings per common share – basic $ 4.69 $ 4.27Earnings per common share – diluted 4.69 4.27Cash dividends per common share $ 1.95 $ 1.84Book value per common share at end of quarter 63.04 55.02OUTSTANDING COMMON SHARESPeriod-end common shares 64,319 63,989Weighted-average common shares – basic 64,278 64,205Dilutive effect of stock compensation 62 147Weighted-average common shares – diluted 64,340 64,352SELECTED ANNUALIZED RATIOSReturn on average assets 1.20% 1.14%Return on average common equity 15.59 16.13Net interest income to average earning assets 3.63 3.51(1) Taxable-equivalent basis assuming a 21% tax rate.Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL SUMMARY (UNAUDITED) As of or for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024BALANCE SHEET SUMMARY($ in millions)Average Balance:Loans $ 20,926 $ 19,382Earning assets 47,544 45,705Total assets 51,064 49,142Non-interest-bearing demand deposits 13,793 13,827Interest-bearing deposits 27,916 26,790Total deposits 41,709 40,617Shareholders' equity 4,085 3,610Period-End Balance:Loans $ 21,254 $ 19,996Earning assets 47,756 45,344Total assets 51,409 48,843Total deposits 41,684 40,318Shareholders' equity 4,200 3,666Adjusted shareholders' equity (1) 5,341 4,975ASSET QUALITY($ in thousands)Allowance for credit losses on loans: $ 277,803 $ 256,307As a percentage of period-end loans 1.31% 1.28%Net charge-offs: 20,842 17,075Annualized as a percentage of average loans 0.20% 0.18%Non-accrual loans: $ 62,393 $ 74,987As a percentage of total loans 0.29% 0.38%As a percentage of total assets 0.12 0.15CONSOLIDATED CAPITAL RATIOSCommon Equity Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio 13.98% 13.35%Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio 14.43 13.82Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio 15.88 15.27Leverage Ratio 8.98 8.62Equity to Assets Ratio (period-end) 8.17 7.51Equity to Assets Ratio (average) 8.00 7.35(1) Shareholders' equity excluding accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.TAXABLE-EQUIVALENT YIELD/COST AND AVERAGE BALANCES (UNAUDITED) 2025 2024 2nd Qtr 1st Qtr 4th Qtr 3rd Qtr 2nd QtrTAXABLE-EQUIVALENT YIELD/COST(1)Earning Assets:Interest-bearing deposits 4.41% 4.39% 4.71% 5.32% 5.40%Federal funds sold 4.71 4.79 5.16 5.65 5.78Resell agreements 4.59 4.60 4.88 5.48 5.60Securities(2) 3.79 3.63 3.44 3.40 3.38Loans, net of unearned discounts 6.60 6.57 6.77 7.12 7.08Total earning assets 5.07 4.99 5.05 5.26 5.23Interest-Bearing Liabilities:Interest-bearing deposits:Savings and interest checking 0.24% 0.24% 0.29% 0.38% 0.39%Money market deposit accounts 2.28 2.27 2.47 2.80 2.83Time accounts 3.86 3.97 4.32 4.73 4.77Total interest-bearing deposits 1.93 1.94 2.14 2.41 2.39Total deposits 1.29 1.30 1.42 1.60 1.58Federal funds purchased 4.37 4.40 4.71 5.33 5.39Repurchase agreements 3.23 3.13 3.34 3.72 3.75Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures 6.30 6.32 6.87 7.14 7.47Subordinated notes payable and other notes 4.69 4.69 4.69 4.69 4.69Total interest-bearing liabilities 2.12 2.12 2.32 2.60 2.59Net interest spread 2.95 2.87 2.73 2.66 2.64Net interest income to total average earning assets 3.67 3.60 3.53 3.56 3.54AVERAGE BALANCES($ in millions)Assets:Interest-bearing deposits $ 6,169 $ 7,238 $ 8,577 $ 7,073 $ 7,156Federal funds sold 8 3 3 4 5Resell agreements 23 10 11 41 85Securities – carrying value(2) 20,401 19,384 18,640 18,898 18,629Securities – amortized cost(2) 21,864 20,839 19,944 20,324 20,400Loans, net of unearned discount 21,063 20,788 20,346 20,084 19,652Total earning assets $ 47,664 $ 47,424 $ 47,577 $ 46,100 $ 45,527Liabilities:Interest-bearing deposits:Savings and interest checking $ 9,920 $ 9,969 $ 9,693 $ 9,470 $ 9,716Money market deposit accounts 11,518 11,432 11,683 11,122 11,009Time accounts 6,534 6,458 6,458 6,482 6,106Total interest-bearing deposits 27,972 27,860 27,834 27,074 26,831Total deposits 41,760 41,658 41,885 40,733 40,510Federal funds purchased 25 18 24 20 40Repurchase agreements 4,250 4,147 3,946 3,777 3,827Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures 123 123 123 123 123Subordinated notes payable and other notes 100 100 100 100 100Total interest-bearing funds $ 32,471 $ 32,248 $ 32,027 $ 31,094 $ 30,921(1) Taxable-equivalent basis assuming a 21% tax rate.(2) Average securities include unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale while yields are based on average amortized cost.

A.B. MendezInvestor Relations210.220.5234

or

Bill DayMedia Relations210.220.5427

https://mma.prnewswire.com/media/326242/Cullen_Frost_Bankers_v1_Logo.jpg

https://c212.net/c/img/favicon.png?sn=DA41222&sd=2025-07-31

View original content to download multimedia:https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/cullenfrost-reports-second-quarter-results-302517992.html

SOURCE Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.

https://rt.newswire.ca/rt.gif?NewsItemId=DA41222&Transmission_Id=202507310900PR_NEWS_USPR_____DA41222&DateId=20250731